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Heal the Bay Blog

Category: Heal the Bay Aquarium

While many are preparing to take a field trip this spring, Heal the Bay’s Santa Monica Pier Aquarium is ready to help teachers plan their field trips for the 2011-2012 school year. Reservation books open April 1st and if past years are any indication, prime spring field trips spots book up fast and furiously.

School year programs are offered from September 19, 2011 through June 8, 2012, Monday through Friday, two times a day. The morning program runs from 9:30 to 11:30 a.m. and a second program is offered from 12:00 noon to 2:00 p.m.

Reserving space a year ahead of time is easy: either FAX a downloaded field trip reservation form to send to the Aquarium with three dates and times that would work, or call the Aquarium to make a reservation at 310-393-6149, ext. 105. Please leave a voice mail message if no one is available; a faxed form is a request only and does not guarantee a reservation. Reservations are filled on a first-come, first-served basis.

Learn more about the Aquarium’s education programs and to find a downloadable reservation form. Reserve early; field trip programs fill up quickly. View our 2011-2012 school year flyer.



Finescale Triggerfish

The Finescale Triggerfish (Balistes polylepis) is the latest resident of the Santa Monica Pier Aquarium’s Beneath the Pier exhibit. Triggerfish are usually associated with tropical water, but their range stretches from San Francisco all the way to Peru. This fish has a feisty reputation and reportedly has been seen attacking sharks. Our triggerfish was shy at first, but has lately been seen coming right up to the glass, seemingly to check out our visitors and making it hard to tell who is observing whom.

Fun Facts

Triggerfish are often found in caves and crevices, but are also seen swimming in the open along the sandy bottom adjacent to rocky reefs and in waters as shallow as 10 feet. With powerful jaws and a set of eight teeth on each jaw, this fish is equipped to eat spiny sea urchins, small crustaceans, mollusks and other animals that are normally protected by a shell or armor.

The finescale triggerfish can reach a length of up 30 inches and usually weighs up to 10 pounds. The largest reported specimen was 16 pounds. Fossils of finescale triggerfish teeth dated at 25 million years old have been found in Santa Ana and Bakersfield.

Some triggerfish are toxic if eaten, but the finescale triggerfish has never been found to be toxic. Still the finescale doesn’t show up on the dinner table often because their tough hide makes it difficult to skin.

To get checked out by our finescale triggerfish, visit our Santa Monica Pier Aquarium.

photo by Nick Fash



Editor’s note: Nick Fash is one of two teachers at the Santa Monica Pier Aquarium. He and colleague Aaron Kind educate as many as 600 students in a week. Nick chronicles a day in the life of an Aquarium education specialist.

Entering the Aquarium first thing in the morning, flipping on the lights, the quiet tranquility is only broken by the soothing sound of water flowing through pipes.  This will all change in one short hour when 60 excited children will fill this space with ohhs, ahhs and countless wide-eyed questions.  But many things need to get done over the next 60 minutes in order for those children to have “one of the best days ever!”

Checking the schedule, noting the age of the students, their number and the topic for the class, Aaron and I begin to formulate our plan.  We have been doing this for years and can effortlessly communicate the details: setting up the hands-on lab, placing the whale bones out, matching the signage to the different marine mammal skulls on display and prepping the classroom with the correct number of tables and chairs.  By the time the covers are removed from the touch tanks, we are ready to prep our wonderful education docents on what we will need from them and when we will need it done.  We are lucky to have such a devoted team backing us up, as 60 energized students is quite a handful for just the two of us. 

We swing open the patio doors, letting the ocean air into the Aquarium and go about hanging the kelp forest barriers that effectively create a private outdoor addition to our space.  And just in time, a big yellow school bus rumbles to a stop outside of our front door, every window lined with faces, with eyes as wide as can be.

Greeting the teachers we confirm the details and run them through our plan.  As the students gather at the front door, I give the excited students a quick walk through of the rules and the expectations we have for our young ”scientists,” and as I swing the doors open I must watch my toes as the children eagerly flow into the Aquarium.  Many hands are in the touch tanks, all the while rattling off questions at a dizzying pace.  A group of students learns about sharks around our open top shark exhibit, while others have their faces pressed up against the glass of the sea jelly exhibit.  Twenty minutes later we split our group into two small teams. 

One group lines up with Aaron by the front door, where they will be heading for the beach to discover animals in their natural habitat and to learn about impacts of pollution on the sandy beach environment.  The other half tiptoes into the Green Room where we have live tide pool animals ready for them to really get to know.  As they sit quietly on the floor, their eyes fixed upon me, wondering what I am going to say, I begin.  “Where do all of my animals come from?”  As we learn about habitats, whales, sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers and a host of other animals from our local waters, I remind them that they are our neighbors and if we keep our neighborhoods clean, their home will be clean as well.

But the radio belches out Aaron’s 3-minute warning, and I line up the students for our turn at the beach.  As we pass Aaron and his group on the way in, the students swap excited stories of what they had just experienced, but the beach awaits.  Sand crabs, bean clams, kelp, birds and the occasional dolphin or sea lion can all be expected while we dig through the sand and explore the beach in a way many of these children have never done before. 

As we line the students up to clean their hands and gather their belongings, we are already mentally prepping for our next class, as we have just 30 minutes before we do this all over again.  Thank you coffee. 

photos by Maita Moura

Aquarium Field Trip



This post was guest-written by Aaron Kind, our education specialist at the Santa Monica Pier Aquarium. Aaron runs our Aquarium’s lecture series. Here, he writes about an innovative new addition to that program.

Being a talented artist, whose works have hung on my mother’s refrigerator and graced a few bathroom stall walls, I was quite excited to host the Santa Monica Pier Aquarium’s first Artist Night.  The event was meant to reach out to the local artists in the community, and by keeping the RSVP list to a minimum the Aquarium had plenty of room for the artists to set up.  The event received some unexpected advertising; Traffic Queen and Shortcuts author Kajon Cermak of KCRW announced the night on her radio program and The Santa Monica Observer generously devoted an entire page in color to our Artists’ Night flyer. 

The Aquarium’s local species were the models for the night; moray eels, octopus, sharks and moon jellies took center stage for the evening’s festivities. Photographers, painters and even a couple of digital sculptors attended the two-hour event.  For the first hour, the Aquarium lights were dimmed to help photographers reduce glare from the tanks for their shots.  For the second hour, the lights were brought back up and sea stars, sea urchins and other denizens of the deep were placed in bins so painters and sketchers could get an up close look.  A little bit of 60’s beachy rock  ‘n’ roll set the mood for the artists and models alike.  After talking with the participants (the ones without the fins) the Aquarium staff is planning to set another artist night in approximately three months.

 “Tonight is about artists hanging out with other artists,” one woman was overheard saying, and we were excited to offer this great community with a venue to do just that. For further information on upcoming events, visit the Aquarium section on this site. Also, join us on Facebook to view pictures from the night.



Vicki Wawerchak, director of the Santa Monica Pier Aquarium, has been chronicling the process of readying a very special marine artifact for exhibit. Below is the fourth and final installment about the prepping of whale baleen.

Previous installments in this series:

1. A Whale of a Tale (December 22, 2010)

2. Brushing Up On Our Baleen (January 5, 2011)

3. Unraveling the Mysterious Baleen (January 11, 2011)

I hate waiting. Especially if it is for something I am really excited about. So when we finished prepping the baleen for the drying-out process, the next step was to wait. And wait. And wait.

It was a bit easier because I wasn’t going to be at the Aquarium for a few days so I didn’t feel the need to check on it daily. But when I finally returned, I barely set my bag down and turned on the computer before I went to check on our newly prepped specimen.  (Baleen are plates with hard bristles inside a whale’s mouth that trap and filter small organisms for nourishment.)

And to our excitement, the marine artifact was drying perfectly. The bristles were straight, the color was good, and the piece did not curl. Whew! But now we had to wait a few more days before we could take it out of the contraption we designed.  We continued to monitor it daily because as the moisture evaporated from the baleen, the piece shrunk. That meant the C-clamps had to be tightened and the drying rack had to be readjusted.

As a scientist who works with numerous live animals (including humans) every day, I have a few priorities. One is to ensure we provide an inviting, comfortable, safe, learning environment for students, the general public, volunteers and staff. The other is to ensure we provide a safe, healthy, high water quality habitat for all the animals we have on exhibit. From the smallest skeleton shrimp to our biggest bass, we want to make sure that the environment we create mimics their natural one. I do not take these tasks lightly.

The amount of care given to our live animals is replicated with our marine artifacts that we acquire through the many partnerships and relationships we have created through the years. The utmost care, attention to detail and responsibility needs to be executed when prepping and dealing with these artifacts. 

We understand that they were obtained from once-live animals and therefore we have an obligation to make sure we succeed not only in the prepping process, but also in how we use them for education. The room for error is small and at times the need to succeed can be overwhelming.

And succeed we did. We untied the lines that were holding the baleen plates together, carefully removed all the wood that we used to separate the baleen plates and slowly unscrewed the C-clamps.

What was left was a beautifully dried out specimen that is going to enhance our education capabilities. Most of the staff at the Aquarium had never seen a full section of baleen like this before, let alone used one this large as an educational tool. So, I am sure the passion and excitement that each one of them feels will come out when using the artifact to educate the general public about the majestic gray whales that migrate annually right off our beautiful coast.

Please visit the Aquarium during Whale of a Weekend, Feb. 19-20, to view the baleen first hand. Check back after the weekend to read how we used the baleen during education programs and how it was received. 



Heal the Bay’s Santa Monica Pier Aquarium last week became re-certified as a Santa Monica green business. The Aquarium first joined the program and became a certified green business about 2 1/2 years ago. The program is run by the combined efforts of City of Santa Monica agencies and business organizations and is designed to encourage companies to incorporate environmentally sound business practices into their everyday business.  The Aquarium went through an extensive greening checklist to qualify for the program initially and just completed an inventory of green practices for the re- certification.  The marine science education center passed inspections in three categories: energy efficiency, water use, and a general inspection of business practices. 

Green business practices at the Aquarium are vast and varied; they range from the use of recycled materials to upgrade Aquarium exhibits to water conserving plumbing systems, to instituting a facility-wide use of eco-friendly cleaning agents and providing incentives for staff and volunteers to use alternative modes of transportation. “This is an educational space, and every surface is an opportunity to learn about the ocean and the environment,” said Aquarium director Vicki Wawerchak.

The city of Santa Monica’s Sustainability and the Environment Department, the Chamber of Commerce, Convention & Visitors Bureau and Sustainable Works operate the green business program.  The official “Green Certified,” window decal alerts tourists, community members and other visitors that a business has qualified for special recognition as a green business. The certification must be renewed every two years.

For more information about green business certification, please visit the Santa Monica Green Business program.



Vicki Wawerchak, director of the Santa Monica Pier Aquarium, chronicles the process of readying a very special marine artifact for exhibit. Below is the third installment about the prepping of whale baleen, plates of hard bristles inside a whale’s mouth that trap and filter small organisms for nourishment.

Previous installments in this series:

1. A Whale of a Tale (December 22, 2010)

2. Brushing Up On Our Baleen (January 5, 2011)

After the final cleanout of the baleen plates, Aquarium staffers passed around ideas about how best to separate the individual plates to allow for adequate drying. Thoughts included everything from using cardboard, PVC pipe to plastic sheeting. We finally settled on using wood. We inserted the wooden boards carefully, again using the toothbrush to straighten out the individual bristles and to ensure they wouldn’t bend while securing the piece to the drying rack.

Meanwhile, we received an email from our contact at the Marine Mammal Center in Sausalito — the facility that gave us the baleen specimen — with more details about the animal whose baleen will soon be used to educate our visitors.

The carcass of the gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus, was floating between Alcatraz Island and Fort Mason in San Francisco, causing a hazard to vessel traffic in the Bay. The U.S. Coast Guard towed the body to a nearby beach, where Marine Mammal Center staff examined it. They determined the whale to be a juvenile male, estimated to be two to four years old.  While they noted lacerations typical of a great white shark bite, staffers guessed the wounds probably occurred post mortem. Cause of death was undetermined.

With the additional knowledge of the baleen’s origins, we turned our concern back to the specimen. We worried about the baleen curling during the drying process. To prevent this, we secured the whole plate with twine and tied it onto a plastic grating that we elevated on a board. The elevation of the baleen allowed for increased air circulation as well as a way to allow for any dripping that might occur. We then secured two L-shaped brackets on either side of the entire piece and used C-clamps to position the artifact to ensure the shape of the piece would not change as it lost moisture.

As we finished securing the baleen on our homemade drying rack, we moved the piece inside the Aquarium’s Green Room and set it up with a few fans to aid with air circulation and to speed up the drying process. And then the wait began … this step is going to take about two weeks. 

Check back next week to read about the unveiling – and see the final product.



Vicki Wawerchak, director of the Santa Monica Pier Aquarium, chronicles the process of readying a very special marine artifact for exhibit. Below is the second installment about the prepping of whale baleen. (Read the first installment).

Last week, we continued the prepping process for the two baleen segments donated to us by the Marine Mammal Center in Sausalito. Baleen are plates with hard bristles inside a whale’s mouth that trap and filter small organisms for nourishment. These baleen pieces are from a gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus, that was found on April 20, 2010 as a floating carcass between Alcatraz Island and Fort Mason in San Francisco.

After soaking the baleen pieces for three days in freshwater (imagine me opening the lid to the cooler at least twice a day to check on it, did I think it was going to get up and walk away?) we were ready for step two.  This took a few extra hands, so Jose Bacallao, the Aquarium’s senior aquarist, and Aaron Kind, our education specialist, also stepped in. We pulled the smaller of the two plates out of the freshwater and decided to work on one piece first to see if our technique would pan out. You don’t want to make a mistake with something like this.

We planned to clean out any organic material (soft tissue) that might be stuck in between the individual plates. The scientific weapon of choice? Nothing other than a high-tech toothbrush. We used pieces of wood to separate the individual plates, which allowed us to thoroughly clean the material. We got to work brushing the baleen, pulling out organic matter and separating the bristles. We wanted all the plates and bristles to dry straight during the drying out process. After loosening the material, we removed the wood pieces and decided to gently spray the baleen with fresh water and give it one last cleaning.

Now we were ready to figure out how to secure it for the drying process so that it would stay intact, not curl, or become infested with bugs. We brainstormed and came up with about four different techniques, before finally settling on one…

Check back next week to read about the drying process and how well it worked.



Vicki Wawerchak, director of the Santa Monica Pier Aquarium, chronicles the process of readying a very special marine artifact for exhibit.  Stay tuned for step two. 

The Fed Ex truck pulled up last week in front of the Aquarium and we couldn’t get to the door fast enough to welcome the driver, and more importantly to welcome the four-foot cooler. The delivery ended an extensive multi-year search, and staff couldn’t find scissors fast enough. 

Opening the cooler revealed two large, dark trash bags, and as we unwrapped the securely taped bundles, an overwhelming stench caused us to recoil slightly. Upon close inspection, with breath held, we found two large pieces of intact, gray whale baleen. Baleen are plates with hard bristles inside a whale’s mouth that trap and filter small organisms for nourishment.

One piece measured 67 centimeters or approximately 2 feet, the other, 43 cm or approximately 1.5 feet.  Individual plates, ranging in size from 4 -18cm, hung down vertically from each baleen piece. We finally had marine mammal artifacts for use as education pieces for our upcoming Whale of a Weekend in February.

Marine mammal artifacts are difficult to obtain and strict protocol needs to be observed in order to request and secure specimens, including obtaining federal permits (which we did through the National Marine Fisheries Service).

After years of writing letters and making requests to various organizations, The Marine Mammal Center in Sausalito donated these special artifacts to us. The baleen pieces came from a gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus, that was found April 20, 2010 as a floating carcass between Alcatraz Island and Fort Mason in San Francisco.

Being a scientist, I should have known the baleen would have shipped to us straight from a freezer, but I think my excitement led me to believe I would open the cooler and the pieces would be ready to show to the public that afternoon.

However, being able to use a variety of techniques as part of the approximately six-week prepping process also appeals to my scientific side. The first task was to repack the baleen for the freezer so our scientific team could research the best way to preserve it and to learn from others. Once we found a method we hoped would work, we placed the baleen in a cooler of freshwater on Monday to help with the defrosting process.

Defrosting the baleen in water should allow it to become flexible and prevent the pieces from curling as it dries. After a few more days of soaking we will take out the pieces, removing any organic bits from between the plates and move to the next phase.



Did you know that the Aquarist staff at the Santa Monica Pier Aquarium collects the majority of the animals we exhibit? We don’t order these animals online and we don’t run to the local store to buy a new fish or invertebrates. A Scientific Collections Permit from the California Department of Fish and Game allows us to dive and collect organisms for display at the Aquarium. But every once in a while, when we are looking for new, elusive and hard to find animals, we need to call out to our friends in the network.

Over the years, the Aquarium staff has developed very special relationships with neighboring aquaria and marine science learning facilities. This unique network helps all of us in the fight for marine conservation and the pursuit of marine science.

One special relationship is with the folks at the Catalina Island Marine Institute, CIMI. Over the years we have had the pleasure of using their facilities when we dive and collect animals in the waters surrounding Catalina. We also have helped each other by sharing animals, knowledge and support. In fact, there are current staff members at the Aquarium that used to work at CIMI and some CIMI staffers that first worked as interns at the Aquarium!

Last week, as the CIMI camps closed for the winter break, we received many new animals from Camp Fox and Camp Toyon, including sunflower sea stars, a juvenile sheephead and the rare slate pencil urchin, Eucidaris. The animals came over on the ferry, transported in coolers with battery-operated aerators. Some of these animals will become part of the Aquarium’s permanent collections, but some will live here temporarily. Our staff will care for these critters as if they were our own and once the CIMI camps reopen in January, the Aquarium staff will carefully pack up the animals in transport coolers to sail back across to Santa Catalina Island.

Most of these animals are currently being held off exhibit in quarantine to ensure they are acclimating to their new environment. We hope to exhibit some of the species after the new year, so please grab your friends and family and visit the Aquarium to see what’s new.