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Category: Heal the Bay Aquarium

Editor’s Note: This is the third installment of Santa Monica Pier Aquarium Director Vicki Wawerchak’s account of preparing harbor seal and sea lion skulls to become artifacts on display at the Aquarium. (Read Parts One and Two)

Saltwater maceration takes time—and as someone who likes instant gratification, this was going to be a long process. But patience, I’m told, is a virtue. The saltwater soaking marked  the final step in cleaning our newly donated harbor seal and seal lion skulls and prepping them for exhibition. Aquarium staff will use them to educate the general public and students about the various marine mammals that call the Santa Monica Bay home.

Large buckets and lids were purchased at Home Depot, holes drilled into the sides of them and ropes affixed to each one. We labeled the vessels with the skull type, date and Aquarium contact information.  We removed the skulls from the freezer, carefully unwrapped them and placed them in buckets to be hung off the side of a dock to let nature do its job.

The idea behind saltwater maceration is to let bacteria and various animals decompose flesh by breaking down the proteins in the cells. By placing the skulls in the buckets and lowering them in saltwater, we let the natural ocean environment and its inhabitants  do the dirty work for us. All we would have to do was to check them every month or so and wait…and wait…and wait.

“Don’t forget to check the skulls today!” I would text Jose and Seth (Aquarium aquarists) when they were on a collection snorkel—so different from the usual ones sent to remind each other of meetings, deadlines or to pick up supplies on the way in. But every few weeks I couldn’t stand it. I would request photos of the skulls mid process so I could watch the decomposition take place. And Jose and Seth obliged, taking the time to haul up the buckets, let the water drain out, open the lid, ignore the putrid odor, and take a few photos. I would sit by my phone anticipating the “ding” to let me know a photo of decomposing marine mammal skulls was waiting for me to view it. Each week a few more animals would adhere to the exterior of the buckets (mostly tunicates and tube worms) and inside the skulls lost more and more of their flesh.

Fast-forward about six months. After sending yet another nagging text to the aquarists I received one back stating, “I think they are done and we can’t wait for you to see them.” The long wait paid off. Tthe skulls were perfect. They were picked cleaned (for the most part) and only needed some spot flesh removal, a bit of scrubbing and time to allow them to dry out. Some of the teeth had fallen out and the flesh that held bone together had decomposed so some of the bones were no longer connected. But the difficult part was completed and after the cleaning and drying stage, the skulls were put back together. Teeth were glued into place and wire was used to articulate the skeleton.  At the end of this long process, the Aquarium staff now has an amazing educational tool we can share with the Aquarium visitors.

And how happy was I to receive this email from our friends at The Marine Mammal Care Center in Sausalito, “I was cleaning out our necropsy freezer and found an adult male long beaked common dolphin skull!” We are now preparing for round two.

Speaking of skulls, please visit the Aquarium during the weekend of Oct. 22 23 to see these artifacts as they will be on display as part of our “A Fishy Fest Celebrating Halloween and Dia de los Muertos.”



On Oct. 3, 2011, Heal the Bay staff headed out to sea for a cetacean-filled afternoon. Heal the Bay Education Specialist Nick Fash reports.

As the boat chugged away from Redondo Beach Marina, a packed boat of wide-eyed Heal the Bay staff scanned the horizon for the telltale geyser-like blows of a surfacing blue whale.  Within minutes we were pleasantly awarded for our efforts as they started appearing in the distance.  We were lucky to have a beautifully clear day to take our trip a mere three miles from the shore, to spot the largest animal to ever grace our planet.

With hearts the size of small cars and able to eat four tons of krill per day, the massive beasts slid effortlessly back and forth through the sparkling ocean.

Having such a wonderful opportunity to be surrounded by animals of such size is truly humbling, and helped solidify to all the Heal the Bay staff onboard, why we do what we do.

But the real joy was a special treat by a young humpback whale that made a few close passes by the boat, almost as curious with us as we were with it.

While not being near the same size of the majestic Blue, humpback whales make up for it with their social and playful personalities.  Amazing!

 



Today’s blogger is staffer Vicki Wawerchak, the director of Heal the Bay’s Santa Monica Pier Aquarium.

The anxiety of moving is enough to give anyone an ulcer, but try moving a live animal — that will give you an ulcer and gray hair too. Yesterday we added a few more gray hairs as we introduced a new giant sea bass, Stereolepis gigas, into our 2,200 gallon “Pier Exhibit” tank.

Approximately six months ago the aquarist staff started collaborating with the SEA Lab in Redondo Beach in hopes that we might be able to exhibit one of their basses in our facility. We hoped to exhibit this species about four months ago, but the opportunity arose to exhibit a triggerfish and then seahorses instead. Exhibiting a bass was put on hold until we could spend adequate time observing and caring for it in its new exhibit. 

When the right time finally arrived, our senior aquarist Jose Bacallao and I discussed the transport process, and he showed me the tub that the large bass was to be placed in for the 40-minute drive from Redondo Beach to Santa Monica.

Jose then filled with the tub with salt water, a medical grade operated oxygen supply was inserted and it was placed in the back of Jose’s truck. And that’s when the drama began…

“It was quite a process”, Jose told me later. “Seth was riding in the car behind me and he called me to tell me that there was a lot of water spilling out of the back of my car. I told him that was normal, a little splash is always going to spill as you hit bumps in the road and take various corners.”

Then Seth said it looked like a bit more than a small splash so they decided to pull over. When they did, the water level was fine but they noticed that the oxygen supply had stopped working. So Seth parked his car, got into Jose’s car and proceeded to blow oxygen through the tube into the water as Jose safely drove the rest of the way. I was happy we all had just renewed our CPR certification last week, but didn’t remember reading a chapter on giving rescue breaths to a large fish. But as always, our team was successful in the transport and cheers of elation could be heard around the Aquarium when the lumbering fish was gently placed into his new habitat.

We aren’t quite sure how old our newest addition is or whether this giant sea bass is male or female, but we do know that it is a juvenile and estimate that it weighs between 15-20 pounds. Amazingly, giant sea bass can grow to approximately eight feet in length.

Please stop by for a rare glimpse of this beauty, as its conservation status remains listed as critically-endangered due to commercial and sport fishing pressures from the early to mid-20th century.

Find out more about visiting the Aquarium.



Today’s blogger is staffer Vicki Wawerchak, the director of Heal the Bay’s Santa Monica Pier Aquarium.

I could hear my Mr. Coffee beginning its drip in the room next door and I knew it would be mere minutes before the repetitive chirp from my bedside alarm would alert me that it was 5:30 a.m. It had been a few rough weeks at work; long hours at the Aquarium and my body resisted the notion that I needed to get out of bed. Not many things get me up at this hour—a plane ride to a distant exotic location, an early morning training walk (albeit begrudgingly), a drive to pick up out of town friends—but this morning I was diving the Star of Scotland, a former gambling ship that sunk just off the Santa Monica Pier in 1942.

There is a romantic eeriness surrounding the subject of shipwrecks that has piqued my interest since I saw a Titanic exhibit at the Queen Mary when I was eight years old. Since then, I’ve been fascinated by wreck diving and allowed my imagination to soar as to what went on before the ship found its final resting place at the bottom of the sea. I wondered about the conversations that took place behind the closed cabin doors, the shoes that were worn while ascending stairs to reach different decks, the food served to satiate the crew and guests, the color of the hand towels used by people decades ago and the unfortunate lives that were sometimes lost during its descent through stormy waves.

I first heard of the Star of Scotland about a year ago and was even more surprised to hear that it was situated so close to the Santa Monica Pier. We had talked about organizing a collection dive on it for months, but schedules had never cleared until now. Our dive team included Jose Bacallao (HtB Senior Aquarist), Seth Lawrence (HtB Aquarist), Sarah Sikich (HtB Coastal Resources Director), and Zack Gold (longtime Aquarium volunteer, Santa Monica High recent graduate, activist and friend). We met in Marina Del Rey, geared up and met up with Ron Beltramo from Eco-Dive Center to board his biodiesel vessel, the Bat Ray. Eco-Dive Center has supported the Aquarium and Heal the Bay for years—offering gear rental, tank fills, monetary donations and access to dive boats—and Heal the Bay is grateful for their continued partnership.

As the Bat Ray motored north the divers set up their gear, talked about their dive plan and discussed what needed to be collected for the Aquarium’s exhibits. Conversations circled around the site’s notorious sightings: lumbering, critically-endangered giant sea bass, nudibranchs so big you would think they were on steroids, and the colorful carpets of anemones that decorate the metal remains 80 feet under the surface.

We anchored at the site and were delighted that water conditions looked great—glassy, good visibility and no wind. We put up the dive flag, discussed our dive plan one more time, passed out collection gear and entered the water ready for our underwater adventure. On the surface we were pleasantly surprised at water temp–about 66 degrees–and the aquarists were laying breakfast burrito bets on how many thermoclines (temperature gradients) we were going to pass through on our descent.

As we descended, the plankton was thick and it appeared before my mask like a gelatinous viewing screen filled with various shapes and sizes. We bottomed out at a cold 55 degrees at 75 feet and colors exploded everywhere we looked. The ship was broken apart into various sections and covered a larger area than I had anticipated. Much of the surface was covered with pink, magenta and coral-colored Corynactis anemones and in some areas it was so densely populated that you could barely see the metal frame the anemones adhered to. The amount and size of nudibranchs was like nothing I had ever seen and I set out to collect some various species and had no problem finding Triopha, Peltodoris and Flabellina.

Our team moved with quiet precision, looking in window frames to find kelp bass, sheephead and blacksmith lurking inside. We swam towards the bow observing the size and abundance of cabezon, sand bass, scallops and cowries. We found an open area of the wreck that was large enough to carefully enter, allowing us to examine what had moved in and called it home. 

Jose and I communicated underwater about the number of species we needed for our exhibits, showing each other how many we collected and the various types of animals in our collection bags to ensure we weren’t taking more than was needed.  In the distance I heard a muffled regulator yell of excitement that usually meant something incredible was spotted but I couldn’t find the source and looked forward to the download when we got topside. 

The dive continued for about 30 minutes before we all regrouped and made the ascent to our safety stop before breaking the surface squealing and screaming in enthusiastic delight. Many of us were talking at once–not believing the size of the animals nor the abundance, the overwhelming sight of lost fishing lures, weights and fishing line, and hearing that the excited yell was because Seth and Zack spotted a giant sea bass.  I was excited for them but a bit jealous.

We loaded animals in coolers of salt water and started talking about how we wanted to organize an underwater cleanup for all the fishing gear that littered the wreck. It was a distracting mess amongst the natural beauty of the organisms that populated the habitat and we were all looking forward to further talks about making this happen. (Ron set up a Facebook page calling for help with underwater cleanups ongoing throughout October) Our surface sit time was about an hour so we lunched, watched pods of bottlenose and common dolphins cruising by, changed out tanks and were ready to embark on dive No. 2.

We decided that the first dive was fruitful enough with our collection, so we agreed to leave most of the gear bags on deck during this round. Jose asked if I wanted a light to explore the nooks and crannies of the dive and I practically knocked him over when I blurted out “No!” The thought of diving with nothing in my hands—no gear bags, no baggies, no rubber bands wrapped around my wrists—was amazing. I couldn’t remember the last time I went on a dive just to dive—to observe the liquid environment without the mission of collection sounded wonderful.

The second dive was amazing, visibility was a bit better and we ended up seeing four giant sea bass. To see a three- to four-foot fish suspended in mid column, looking straight at you, not moving a fin, parasitic copepods hanging from its scales, brought everything together for me.

Getting in the water that day was the best thing I could have done. That connection to the ocean recharges me. The reason I sit in front of my computer until all hours of the evening was right there, all four feet of it. To be immersed in this environment and see the ocean thriving because of the work we do every day with Heal the Bay is extremely rewarding. We do have to get back there to clean the site up, and we will, because that is what’s needed and that is how we work. We don’t stop until the ocean is clean. I came to the surface; I had one of the best mornings I have had in a long time and realized the giant sea bass and all the other beautiful animals we saw down there in the deep weren’t the only creatures thriving.

Sign up for an Eco Dive Center Star of Scotland cleanup here.



Editor’s note: Roberta Brown is a Santa Monica-based writer, fight choreographer and mother (three vocations that she says go surprisingly well together). She is the West Coast Editor for Nickelodeon’s ParentsConnect.

I think I may have actually done a happy dance when I found out that the Santa Monica Pier Aquarium is launching its own summer camp this year. What I know for sure is that I booked my son a spot right way.

I suppose I should confess to a slight bias: we LOVE the aquarium. We love its perfect size (big enough to fascinate kids, small enough for parents to relax); its fabulous staff (with knowledge and enthusiasm in huge, equal parts); its escape-artist octopus (who probably didn’t mean to flood the place a few years back); its frisky sharks (who never fail to spray out-of-town relatives); and its brand-new, mesmerizing sea horses. When my son was in preschool we always entered the fray to get into those Reggio-esque Micro Biologist classes – arguably the single best drop-off class for 3 to 5-year-olds in town. My preschooler came home able to articulate the differences between sea mammals and big fish, the many uses of seaweed and how to tell a sea lion from a seal. (Can you??)

As he approached the age of no return for those classes, we were sad to discover that – at least at the time – only the littlest tykes were lucky enough to get the behind-the-scenes, inside story on all things aquarium. The following year we had to get our aquarium fix with a birthday party there.

But back to that happy dance, we found out a few weeks ago that this summer the aquarium is offering a summer camp. We’re in, out, and around this summer, so we opted for the occasional day option, but I’m already imagining those days: I drop my son off so that he can learn more about the ocean in a few hours than I’ve managed to learn in 40-something years, then I go open my laptop to work in that quiet, breezy room at the Annenberg Beach House that I’ve been promising myself since it opened. Later I pick up my son, who is beached-out and educated all in one go, and I feel like a hero treating him to an ice cream at the carousel. Or maybe on Thursday we follow up camp with a picnic and a concert on the pier. That’s more summery than corn on the cob.
 
And when it’s all over, when all the sand has been brushed off all the feet, maybe he can finally clarify for me the difference between a seal and a sea lion.

-Roberta Brown

Editor’s note: Limited spaces are still available in the Santa Monica Pier Aquarium Summer Camp and will be filled on a first-come, first-served basis. Learn more about the Science Adventures Camp and register online now.



Heal the Bay’s Santa Monica Pier Aquarium joins more than 1,000 museums across the country this summer as a member of Blue Star Museums, a program offering free admission to all active duty military personnel and their families from Memorial Day through Labor Day 2011.  

Blue Star Museums is a collaboration of the National Endowment of the Arts, 1,300 museums nationwide and Blue Star Families. Blue Star Families is a national, nonpartisan, nonprofit network of military families from all ranks and services, including guard and reserve, with a mission to support, connect and empower military families. 

The free admission program is available to active-duty military and their immediate family members (military ID holder and five immediate family members).  Active duty military include Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, Coast Guard and active duty National Guard and active duty Reserve members.

The Aquarium is open regular weekend hours, 12:30 to 6:00 p.m. on July 2nd and 3rd, closed on Monday, July 4th.

View other museums participating in the Blue Star program.

Photo: brittanylynae via Flickr



Editor’s Note: Vicki Wawerchak, director of the Santa Monica Pier Aquarium, chronicles the process of preparing two sea lion skulls and one harbor seal skull to become marine artifacts on exhibit at the aquarium. This is the second installment of her story of the process. (Read part one: “An Unusual Jackpot“).

I love sharks. I really can’t get enough of them. A previous job allowed me to swim with blues and makos both in and out of a cage, and I recently felt the size of a flea as I swam next to a pregnant 35-foot whale shark in the Galapagos. I’ve had the opportunity to swim with oceanic white tips and nurse sharks and I’m waiting for the day when I can get into a cage to observe the almighty landlord, a white shark.

But…put me in the same room as a bug and I am not a happy person. Not all bugs, mind you, but most of them. Oh sure, I appreciate their ecological niche and the role they play in the overall food web but that is about as far my appreciation goes. So the thought of having a bug box here to slowly work on removing skin and tissue from our newly donated skulls, made me a bit nervous. Jose [Bacallao, the aquarium’s senior aquarist] and I talked about using dermestid beetle colonies as a method of prep and even referenced the great job the California Science Center did on making a whole exhibit surrounding this subject. Could we make an exhibit out of this too? Should we just keep it behind the scenes? Either way, I couldn’t stop thinking about what would happen if the beetle box broke and the colony was left to run amok in the aquarium waiting for my arrival. But scientifically, I knew that if this were the best method of prep, I would get over it. We both decided to wait for our artifacts to arrive so we could see the skull size we would be working with and how much flesh and skin needed to be removed.

Again, I sat by the window jumping at every squeaky-braked truck I heard outside my office in anticipation of the Fed Ex truck. I was channeling Ralphie from “A Christmas Story” waiting for my official Red Ryder, carbine action, 200-shot range model air rifle.  As I counted down the days for my delivery, I read the Marine Mammal Skeletal Preparation and Articulation document that was passed to me by our friends at The Marine Mammal Center. This helped me weigh the pros and cons of the various prep techniques and helped us narrow the options. At last, my delivery truck arrived with a cooler and we wheeled it into the back and opened it, exposing the contents.

“Oh gosh….it looks like a scene from Dexter.”

No one said science was pretty.

Wrapped in baggies were three frozen skulls with skin, fur and other features in tact. (I truly never overlook the fact that these were once alive, swimming around in the ocean and I keep that thought and respect for these animals with me always.) We studied the skulls in detail–measuring up their size, observing thickness of the skin and examining the amount of fur we would have to work through to get a clean skull. We put them back in the freezer and brainstormed what we would do next.

We began to consider maceration, removing tissue by soaking the skulls in liquid. Freshwater maceration didn’t seem like the answer—this method consists of removing flesh prior to fresh water submersion as well as continued monitoring of water level in buckets. Boiling also seemed to be out of the question as it usually follows maceration. We also thought it would be difficult to find a kitchen that wouldn’t mind hosting us and filling their space with a, er, lingering odor. Burying the skulls would be tough. Living under a pier, something else might get to it first and beetles, with all my feelings aside, didn’t seem like the right choice for us either. Instead, the light bulb went off and since we are surrounded by salt water we decided to go the way of saltwater maceration. 
 

(For how to clean a skull, read part three )

 

Photo: jkirkhart35 via Flickr



Recently, to wrap up Earth Month, a class from the Laurel Hall School in North Hollywood took a visit to Santa Monica Beach to participate in a cleanup and learn how trash ends up in the Bay. Afterwards, the group toured our Santa Monica Pier Aquarium. If you’ve never been to the aquarium yourself, you’re in luck. Craig Clough from The North Hollywood-Toluca Lake Patch was on hand to film our educator Amber Maron in action!

Check it out.

photo: dimsis via Flickr



Mother’s Day is right around the corner and what better way to celebrate motherhood than to adopt one of the swell sharks at Heal the Bay’s Santa Monica Pier Aquarium? Adult female swell sharks, their developing swell shark pups still incubating in egg casings and new born shark pups are all available for fostering through the Aquarium’s Aquadoption program. 

Aquadoption at the Santa Monica Pier Aquarium is an important way to connect with the marine environment, support an animal on exhibit and gain a greater understanding of the amazing ocean habitat of the Santa Monica Bay. An Aquadoption gift not only assists in the feeding and care of an animal, it also funds the maintenance of exhibits and the ongoing education and advocacy efforts core to Heal the Bay’s mission.

Swell sharks are one of eight species available for adoption, ranging in price from $25 to $750, depending upon the animal. Whether you purchase a yearlong adoption for Mom, for a friend or for a child or grandparent – or foster an animal yourself – it is the gift that keeps on giving on behalf of marine life welfare.

An Aquadoption includes a photo of the animal and an animal fact sheet. Two free family passes are also included to encourage recipients to visit their foster animal.

Visit the Aquarium to get acquainted with prospective adoptees during public hours: Tuesday through Friday from 2:00 to 6:00 p.m. or weekends from 12:30 to 6:00 p.m.

Download an Aquadoption Order Form today.

Photo: Tara Crow



Guest blogger Vicki Wawerchak, the director of the Santa Monica Pier Aquarium, discusses hitting an unusual jackpot.

“We’ve got skulls!” Pumping my fists in the air, I shout out to my computer and anyone within earshot of my office. I just finished reading another email from our friends at the Marine Mammal Care Center in Sausalito (remember our baleen?) stating they had three mammal skulls they would be happy to donate for education purposes if the appropriate permits were granted. I was ecstatic—yet again—at the thought of adding more, real, tangible, marine artifacts to our Aquarium collection.

Granted, I understand that to some of you, an email like this might rank right up there with the ones that tell you that you won the Nigerian lottery and then instruct you to wire transfer $10,000 to claim your winnings. But as a scientist and educator, these are the emails I long for; the messages that validate my hours of facility research to find centers that donate artifacts, the continued networking of colleagues in the field to put a face to a name and the numerous paragraphs written describing who we are, why we are looking for artifacts and what we intend to do with them.

In my opinion, nothing compares to creating a strong conservation ethic and empathy like a tangible item—dead or alive. Think back to when you were a child—did you like digging up earthworms to make sure they were okay in the mud? Did you move snails off the walking path to avoid them from being stepped on? And did you make sure that every moth was placed gently on a leaf if found sitting on a windowsill? Or maybe that was just me? If you ask my mother how many half-alive, baby birds I held in my hands, tears streaming down my cheeks, begging her to help me save the small, featherless, creature in my hand, she will tell you that she lost count when I turned five. I digress….but could these early recollections about attempting to hold and save every animal I set eyes on be the reason I have a limitless passion about ocean conservation and strong empathy to the animals that live within it? You bet! So back to the skulls and how we are going to use them to teach limitless passion about ocean conservation…

Jose Bacallao, the Aquarium’s senior aquarist, was right there with me. “What kind of skulls?” he answered, without skipping a beat. I hadn’t even really focused on that detail before I shouted out, so looking back at the email I read that they had two sea lion skulls (one male and one female) and one harbor seal skull. I passed that information on to him. Then I thought, “I wonder if they are already prepped?” And as if our friends at the Marine Mammal Care Center heard that question hundreds of miles away, twenty seconds later, an audible beep alerted me to a new email. It read, “Oh…and the skulls aren’t prepped.” Here we go again I thought. I laughed at the thought of what our conversations over the next few days were going to entail.

I shared this small prepping detail with Jose and I could see the wheels being to turn. Jose has been my partner in crime with these types of tasks for more than a decade. We have talked endlessly about how best to prep shark skin, how to remove a sea anemone without damaging it’s pedal disk, why baleen whales have two blowholes and toothed whales have one, and the list goes on and on.

We both love a challenge and this was going to be another great adventure, removing skin and tissue from the skulls—would we do it with beetles, by burying it, or by freshwater or saltwater maceration (to separate as a result of soaking)? We were already weighing the pros and cons of each method, talking a mile a minute…

(Read Parts Two and Three for how we prepped the skulls)

Photo: Reed Hutchinson